Like most mining operations around the world, gold mining can have a number of serious impacts on the local ecosystem and the health of miners who work there. The operation often contaminates water supplies, ravages landscapes, and can contribute to the destruction of vital local ecosystems.
Mining operations can also release various hazardous substances into the environment, like cyanide and mercury that pollute both land and water for many decades or longer if not treated properly. Practices like open pit mining and cyanide heap leaching can generate somewhere in the region of 20 tons of toxic waste for every 0.333-ounce (9.44 gr) of gold produced.
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