Artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining in Indonesia: A Case Study of Tobongon, East Bolaang Mongondow District, North Sulawesi Province

ASGM contributes 38% of atmospheric emissions of mercury (Hg) in the environment [4]. Mercury is known as a heavy-metals component which may be harmful to human and the environment. Mercury usage in ASGM commonly finds as a product of amalgamation. However, since its nature of ASGM operations, mercury was commonly lost in the process. The ratio between mercury lost to gold produced (Hglost: Auproduced) is a standard procedure to determine mercury released from ASGM operation.
read more... https://aip.scitation.org/doi/pdf/10.1063/5.0006812