Mining, especially using the rudimentary methods common at artisanal mines, is dangerous work. Dust and pollution can cause coughing, respiratory diseases and headaches, according to the United Nations Environment Programme. Open wounds are common among people who work at mines, and those wounds are easily infected.
Often, children use mercury to "wash" the gold found in the mine, SOMO found. When on-site buyers examine the amalgams produced in the "washing" process, they often burn the mercury away, as children, who don't wear any protective gear, stand nearby.
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