Cyanide and other dangerous chemicals, such as mercury, are commonly used in artisanal gold mining.
Since gold mines are almost always set up near rivers, often excess
chemicals are distributed directly into waterways, thus polluting water
sources.
Once it becomes imbedded in soil or water, cyanide is extremely toxic
to humans. Artisanal gold mining also presents several environmental
challenges due to the inherent digging of soil and rinsing involved in
artisanal mining.
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