and small-scale mining (ASM) for their livelihood, working in
more than 80 countries. They produce some 10 percent of the world’s
mined gold, 15 to 20 percent of mined diamonds, approximately 20 to
25 percent of mined tin and tantalum, and a staggering 80 percent of
colored gemstones.
Many people engage in ASM because it brings them more income and
faster economic returns than other locally feasible livelihoods, such as
agriculture. Some turn to ASM when displaced by conflicts and instability.
ASM can allow people to escape absolute poverty or improve their lives. It
often offers high incomes for unskilled or illiterate individuals.
http://www.profor.info/sites/profor.info/files/docs/ASM-brochure.pdf
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