Among the major impacts are the following:
- Endangers terrestrial and aquatic biodiversity;
- Degradation of protected areas namely reserves, national parks, game reserves, wetlands and, historical and cultural sites i.e. cultural heritage sites;
- Promotion of illegal immigration, crime and tax evasion;
- Conflict agricultural production versus artisanal gold mining that may cause famine situation ;
- Cultural degradation;
- Excessive use of alcohol and drugs;
- Increased prostitution and increased sexually transmitted diseases (STDs and HIV / AIDS);
- Inappropriate use of mercury in gold amalgamation process;
- Precariousness of public health due to poor sanitation (cholera, malaria, diarrheal diseases among others);
- Insecurity of men and animals due to the wells, open pits and abandoned galleries;
- Use of child labour which may undermine the future perspectives of some children in mine areas.
- http://www.iucn.org/about/union/commissions/cec/?12930/Impacts-of-artisanal-gold-mining-in-Mozambique
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